ส ปดาห ท 4. Axonometric & Oblique Projection เน อหาในส ปดาห ท 4. Methods of Projections. Perspective Projections. Three-Dimensional Pictorials

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1 ส ปดาห ท 4 Three-imensional Pictorials เน อหาในส ปดาห ท 4 1. onometric and Oblique Projection 2. Isometric projection and Isometric drawing 3. Isometric Sketching 4. Oblique Sketching ว ตถ ประสงค เข าใจหล กการเบ องต นของการเข ยนภาพ 3 ม ต ประเภทต าง ๆ เข าใจความแตกต างระหว าง aonometric and oblique projection. เข าใจหล กการ isometric projection and an isometric drawing. สามารถอ านและเข ยนภาพ isometric and oblique sketches onometric & Oblique Projection Methods of Projections rchitect Engineer Perspective Projections Parallel projection 1

2 Perspective Projections Oblique Projection Line of sight Parallel & oblique to picture plane Oblique Projection Oblique drawing angle 30 o 45 o 60 o avalier Projection จะแสดงม ต ทางความล กเท าก บขนาดจร งของว ตถ ไม น ยมใช ก บช นงานท ม ความหนามาก เพราะจะท าให มองเห นม ต ด านความล กม ค ามากกว า ขนาดจร ง LINOGRPHI PROJETION abinet Projection จะแสดงม ต ทางความล กเท าก บคร งหน งของขนาดจร งว ตถ ไม น ยมใช ก บช นงานท ม ความหนาน อย เพราะจะท าให มองเห นม ต ด านความล กม ค าน อยกว าขนาดจร งมาก linographic Projection(General) จะแสดงม ต ทางความล กอย ระหว างคร งหน ง ของขนาดจร งถ งขนาดเท าก บขนาดจร ง พ จารณาตามความเหมาะสมของขนาด ช นงาน เป นท น ยมใช ก นมากท ส ด 2

3 onometric Projection onometric Projection Parallel & normal to picture plane Rotate about vertical ais Line of sight Tilt forward onometric Projection Tpe of aonometric drawing onometric ais a 1. Isometric ll angles are equal. b c Orthographic Projections onometric Projections a onometric ais 2. imetric b c Two angles are equal. a onometric ais 3. Trimetric b c None of angles are equal. 3

4 Isometric Projection Isometric Projection & Isometric drawing Rotate 45 about vertical ais Tilt forward (35 o 16 ) ll edges foreshorten about 0.8 time. Isometric rawing Isometric drawing is a drawing drawn on an isometric aes using full scale. Positions of Isometric es Isometric aes can be arbitraril positioned to create different views of a single object. Isometric projection (True projection) Isometric drawing (Full scale) Regular isometric Reverse ais isometric Long ais isometric Forshorten Full scale View point is looking down on the top of the object. View point is looking up on the bottom of the object. View point is looking from the right (or left) of the object. onometric Projections Isometric istance in Isometric rawing True-length distances are shown along isometric lines. Isometric line is the line that run parallel to an of the isometric aes. Nonisometric lines Isometric aes 4

5 Sketch from an actual object Isometric Sketching 1. Place the object in the position which its shape and features are clearl seen. 2. efine an isometric ais. 3. Sketching the enclosing bo. 4. Estimate the size an and relationship of each details. 5. arken all visible lines. Sketch from an actual object Sketch from multiview drawing STEPS 1. Positioning object. 2. Select isometric ais. 3. Sketch enclosing bo. 4. dd details. 1. Interprete the meaning of lines/areas in multiview drawing. 2. Locate the lines or surfaces relative to isometric ais. 5. arken visible lines. Eample 1 : Object has onl normal surfaces Eample 2 : Object has inclined surfaces Top Top View Regular H Front Side Nonisometric line Front View H Side View W θ H W ottom View Reverse Front Side W ottom Front View 5

6 Eample 3 : Object has inclined surfaces ircle & rc in Isometric In isometric drawing, a circle appears as an ellipse. Sketching Steps 1. Locate the center of an ellipse. 2. onstruct an isometric square. 3. Sketch arcs that connect the tangent points. Nonisometric line Eample 5 Irregular urve in Isometric Steps 1. onstruct points along the curve in multiview drawing. 2. Locate these points in the isometric view. 3. Sketch the connecting lines. Oblique Sketching Place comple features (arc, hole, irregular shape surface parallel to frontal plane. 6

7 The longest dimension of an object should be parallel to the frontal plane. Which orientation is better? GOO GOO WORSE WORSE Sketch from actual object 1 st Law ถ าว ตถ ม เส นโค งวงกลม ให เอาผ วระนาบด าน น นขนานก บระนาบเก ดภาพ 2 nd Law เอาระนาบท ม ขนาดยาวมากๆ วางขนานก บ ระนาบเก ดภาพ 3 rd Law ย ดกฏข อแรกไว ก อน ESTIMTE EPTH ESTIMTE LINES 45 จบส ปดาห ท 4 7

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